often germinate directly and the germ tubes infect the plants either through the stomata or directly by penetrating the cuticula. For germination free…
water for germination. In general, the development rate of the epidemic is fastest at 18-25 °C. High relative humidity (RH) promotes germination of…
Ascospores of F. graminearum / G. zeae germinate between 4-35°C, with an optimum between 25-28°C. Germination only occurs at RH above 80%. Warm…
laevis survive as teliospores in the soil or on seed. These teliospores germinate in response to moisture and form basidiospores, also called primary…
especially dehydration. Germination of the oospores is stimulated by exudates from roots of a susceptible host nearby. The oospores germinate and form…
and shoots lying on the soil. Under favourable conditions oospores will germinate and infect the lower leaves of the plant. Then the sporangia are…
across the surface and infect adjacent stomata. Both types of spores can germinate within two or three hours under humid conditions, but infection…
produces the sexual ascospores and asexual conida simultaneously. The spores germinate when free water is present on the plant, at high relative…
the outside of the seed coat and cause primary infection. The conidia germinate and infect through the stomata or directly through the cuticle. On the
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