can cause damage to crops both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result…
mildews, sporangia often germinate directly and the germ tubes infect the plants either through the stomata or directly by penetrating the cuticula.…
Leaf miner damage Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf…
Damage symptoms Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf…
microsclerotia in the soil is directly related to disease incidence. Within 24 hours the fungus infects the roots of the host by direct penetration…
overwintering spores), sporangia (special structures which can either germinate directly or produce zoospores), chlamydospores (thick-walled mycelium…
rs Leaf miners Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly. The most direct damage is caused by the larvae mining the leaf tissue…
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