wind-dispersed to neighbouring ears where they can infect seeds at any stage up until soft dough stage. Infection occurs between 10 and 33 °C.…
during rainy periods. When temperature is low, infection may remain latent until conditions are more favourable. This makes it more difficult to…
adults appear about 4 weeks after pupation, but usually remain in the soil until the following spring. Damage symptoms The click beetles feed on the…
Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f.sp. tritici remains invisible until head emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a…
Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f. sp. hordei r emains invisible until head emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a…
secondary hosts. Colonies are often present on rose bushes throughout autumn until their development is hampered by cold weather. In heated…
Practise crop rotation with non-host crops Delay planting in the spring until soil temperatures are higher Mound soil around the stem to promote…
bacteria. These are dispersed by rain and wind and by humans and tools. Until now, no bacteria have been isolated from crazy roots. This disease seems
Releases should be repeated at least 3 times at intervals of 1-2 weeks, or until the pest is controlled. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognized…
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